English Grammar Lesson: Relative Clauses – Adjective Clauses
Introduction
Welcome to NJCLT's comprehensive English grammar lesson on relative clauses - also known as adjective clauses. In this detailed lesson, we will explore the concept of relative clauses, understand their formation, and learn how to use them effectively in your writing. By the end of this lesson, you will have gained a deep understanding of relative clauses, enabling you to enhance your overall English grammar skills.
What Are Relative Clauses?
Relative clauses are dependent clauses that provide additional information about a noun in a sentence. They are introduced by relative pronouns such as 'who,' 'whom,' 'whose,' 'which,' and 'that.' Relative clauses add descriptive details to a sentence, allowing for more complex and precise expression.
Formation of Relative Clauses
Relative clauses are formed by combining an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause, which functions as the relative clause, provides extra information about the noun it modifies. Let's look at an example:
Original Sentence: I have a friend. Relative Clause: My friend, who is a talented musician, will be performing tonight.
In the above example, the relative clause "who is a talented musician" provides additional information about the noun "friend." It helps specify and describe the friend in more detail.
Types of Relative Clauses
There are two main types of relative clauses:
- Defining Relative Clauses: These clauses define or identify the noun they modify. They provide essential information and cannot be removed from the sentence without changing its meaning.
- Non-defining Relative Clauses: These clauses provide extra information but do not define or identify the noun. They can be removed from the sentence without altering its core meaning.
Using Relative Clauses Effectively
Using relative clauses effectively can greatly enhance your writing. Here are some tips to help you master their usage:
1. Understand the Antecedent
Before using a relative clause, ensure that you clearly identify the noun it refers to. This noun is known as the antecedent. Understanding the antecedent helps you construct a meaningful and grammatically correct relative clause.
2. Choose the Correct Relative Pronoun
Choose the appropriate relative pronoun based on the noun being modified. Here are some commonly used relative pronouns and their usage:
- 'Who' - Used for people.
- 'Which' - Used for things.
- 'That' - Used for both people and things.
3. Maintain Sentence Clarity
Ensure that your relative clauses do not create confusion or ambiguity in your sentences. Keep your sentences clear and concise, and avoid excessive use of relative clauses.
4. Practice, Practice, Practice
To become proficient in using relative clauses, practice incorporating them into your writing. Read extensively and analyze how professional writers utilize relative clauses in their work. With practice, you will develop a strong command over their usage.
Conclusion
Congratulations! You have completed NJCLT's English grammar lesson on relative clauses - adjective clauses. By now, you should have a solid understanding of what relative clauses are, how to form them, and how to use them effectively in your writing. Remember, mastering relative clauses will significantly enhance your English grammar skills and enable you to express your thoughts with precision. Continue practicing and incorporating relative clauses in your writing to become a skilled communicator. Happy writing!
